Research
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Left Cardiac Remodelling Assessed by Echocardiography Is Associated with Rho-Kinase Activation in Long-Distance Runners
Abstract
This single-blind and cross-sectional study evaluated the role of Rho-kinase (ROCK) as a biomarker of the cardiovascular remodelling process assessed by echocardiography in competitive long-distance runners (LDRs) during the training pe...
Publication · July 05, 2026
Soluble Interleukin-6 Receptor Regulates Interleukin-6-Dependent Vascular Remodeling in Long-Distance Runners
Abstract
Little is known about the effects of training load on exercise-induced plasma increase of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) and their relationship with vascular remodeling. We sought to evaluate the role of sIL 6R ...
Publication · July 05, 2026
Sex-Differences in the Oxygenation Levels of Intercostal and Vastus Lateralis Muscles During Incremental Exercise
Abstract
This study aimed to examine sex differences in oxygen saturation in respiratory (SmO2-m.intercostales) and locomotor muscles (SmO2-m.vastus lateralis) while performing physical exercise. Twenty-five (12 women) healthy and physically act...
Publication · July 05, 2026
Eccentric Training in Pulmonary Rehabilitation of Post-COVID-19 Patients: An Alternative for Improving the Functional Capacity, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress
Abstract
Simple Summary Exercise is the cornerstone of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) programs. Although all exercise has concentric (CONC, where the muscle groups shorten to produce force) and eccentric (ECC, characterized by lengthening muscle ...
Publication · July 05, 2026
Determination of the Respiratory Compensation Point by Detecting Changes in Intercostal Muscles Oxygenation by Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate if the changes in oxygen saturation levels at intercostal muscles (SmO2-m.intercostales) assessed by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) using a wearable device could determine the respiratory compensation poi...
Publication · July 05, 2026
Systemic and Pulmonary Inflammation/Oxidative Damage: Implications of General and Respiratory Muscle Training in Chronic Spinal-Cord-Injured Patients
Abstract
Simple Summary Damage to the spinal cord affects the voluntary control of skeletal muscles and also the control of the autonomic nervous system, thus affecting the cardiorespiratory system and the magnitude of the impact that is related...
Publication · July 05, 2026
Effectiveness of Respiratory Muscles Training by Voluntary Isocapnic Hyperpnea Versus Inspiratory Threshold Loading on Intercostales and Vastus Lateralis Muscles Deoxygenation Induced by Exercise in Physically Active Adults
Abstract
Simple Summary Respiratory muscle training (RMT) improves physical performance through increased efficiency of the muscles implicated in respiration, an aspect that preserves the blood flow, nutrients, and oxygen supply to the locomotor...
Publication · July 05, 2026
Monitoring Changes in Oxygen Muscle during Exercise with High-Flow Nasal Cannula Using Wearable NIRS Biosensors
Abstract
Exercise increases the cost of breathing (COB) due to increased lung ventilation (V˙E), inducing respiratory muscles deoxygenation (∇SmO2), while the increase in workload implies ∇SmO2 in locomotor muscles. This phenomenon has been prop...
Publication · July 05, 2026
Estimation of ventilatory thresholds during exercise using respiratory wearable sensors
Abstract
Ventilatory thresholds (VTs) are key physiological parameters used to evaluate physical performance and determine aerobic and anaerobic transitions during exercise. Current assessment of these parameters requires ergospirometry, limitin...
Publication · July 05, 2026
Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Wearable Devices to Identify Central Versus Peripheral Limitations During Exercise.
Abstract
The gold standard to assess the aerobic capacity in physically active subjects and athletes is the maximal oxygen consumption test (VO2-max), which involves analysis of exhaled-gases and cardiorespiratory variables obtained via the brea...
Publication · July 05, 2026
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